See afarnu on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*gʷʰer-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʷʰer-#Proto-Indo-European:_warm"
],
[
"*-nós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-nós#Proto-Indo-European:_verbal_adjectives"
],
[
"*gʷʰr̥nós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʷʰr̥nós"
],
[
"*fornos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/fornos"
],
[
"fornus",
"fornus#Latin"
],
[
"furnus",
"furnus#Latin"
],
[
"اَڢَرْنُوا",
"اڢرنوا#Tashelhit"
],
[
"اَڢَرْنُوا",
"اڢرنوا#Tashelhit"
],
[
"furnus",
"furnus#Latin"
],
[
"afrran",
"afrran#Tashelhit"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "shi",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "shi-med:اَڢَرْنُوا",
"doublet": "afrran<t:bakery, oven>",
"text": ":la",
"tree": "+"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *gʷʰer-\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *gʷʰr̥nós\nProto-Italic *xʷornos\nProto-Italic *fornos\nLatin fornus\nLatin furnusbor.\nProto-Berber\nMedieval Tashelhit اَڢَرْنُوا (afarnu)\nTashelhit afarnu\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"oven\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*xʷornos\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"warm\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*gʷʰer-\", \"gloss\" : \"to be warm\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-nós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\", \"pos\" : \"adjectival suffix\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*gʷʰr̥nós\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*fornos\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"fornus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"furnus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ber-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Tashelhit\", \"term\" : \"اَڢَرْنُوا\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"shi-med\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Tashelhit\", \"term\" : \"afarnu\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"shi\" }\" data-lang=\"shi\" data-title=\"afarnu\">\nInherited from Medieval Tashelhit اَڢَرْنُوا (afarnu), from Proto-Berber, borrowed from Latin furnus (“oven”). Doublet of afrran (“bakery, oven”).",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "shi",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "shi-med:اَڢَرْنُوا",
"doublet": "afrran<t:bakery, oven>",
"text": ":la",
"tree": "+"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *gʷʰer-\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *gʷʰr̥nós\nProto-Italic *xʷornos\nProto-Italic *fornos\nLatin fornus\nLatin furnusbor.\nProto-Berber\nMedieval Tashelhit اَڢَرْنُوا (afarnu)\nTashelhit afarnu\nInherited from Medieval Tashelhit اَڢَرْنُوا (afarnu), from Proto-Berber, borrowed from Latin furnus (“oven”). Doublet of afrran (“bakery, oven”).",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *gʷʰer-\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *gʷʰr̥nós\nProto-Italic *xʷornos\nProto-Italic *fornos\nLatin fornus\nLatin furnusbor.\nProto-Berber\nMedieval Tashelhit اَڢَرْنُوا (afarnu)\nTashelhit afarnu\nInherited from Medieval Tashelhit اَڢَرْنُوا (afarnu), from Proto-Berber, borrowed from Latin furnus (“oven”). Doublet of afrran (“bakery, oven”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ifurna",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tafarnut",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "آفارنو",
"tags": [
"Arabic"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "shi-infl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "afarnu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"free-state",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ifurna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"free-state",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ufarnu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ifurna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "afanru",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "abanra",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "noun",
"dim": "tafarnut",
"g": "m",
"pl": "ifurna"
},
"expansion": "afarnu m (plural ifurna, diminutive tafarnut, Tifinagh spelling ⴰⴼⴰⵔⵏⵓ, Arabic spelling آفارنو)",
"name": "shi-head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ufarnu",
"2": "ifurna",
"3": "ifurna"
},
"name": "shi-infl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Tashelhit",
"lang_code": "shi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tashelhit entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tashelhit entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tashelhit entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Tashelhit entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"oven"
],
"id": "en-afarnu-shi-noun-SQirvMlm",
"links": [
[
"oven",
"oven"
]
],
"related": [
{
"english": "bread",
"translation": "bread",
"word": "aɣrum"
},
{
"english": "to cook",
"translation": "to cook",
"word": "nw"
},
{
"english": "to heat",
"translation": "to heat",
"word": "qqd"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/afarnu/"
}
],
"word": "afarnu"
}
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*gʷʰer-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʷʰer-#Proto-Indo-European:_warm"
],
[
"*-nós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-nós#Proto-Indo-European:_verbal_adjectives"
],
[
"*gʷʰr̥nós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gʷʰr̥nós"
],
[
"*fornos",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/fornos"
],
[
"fornus",
"fornus#Latin"
],
[
"furnus",
"furnus#Latin"
],
[
"اَڢَرْنُوا",
"اڢرنوا#Tashelhit"
],
[
"اَڢَرْنُوا",
"اڢرنوا#Tashelhit"
],
[
"furnus",
"furnus#Latin"
],
[
"afrran",
"afrran#Tashelhit"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "shi",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "shi-med:اَڢَرْنُوا",
"doublet": "afrran<t:bakery, oven>",
"text": ":la",
"tree": "+"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *gʷʰer-\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *gʷʰr̥nós\nProto-Italic *xʷornos\nProto-Italic *fornos\nLatin fornus\nLatin furnusbor.\nProto-Berber\nMedieval Tashelhit اَڢَرْنُوا (afarnu)\nTashelhit afarnu\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"oven\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*xʷornos\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"warm\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*gʷʰer-\", \"gloss\" : \"to be warm\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"verbal adjectives\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-nós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\", \"pos\" : \"adjectival suffix\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*gʷʰr̥nós\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*fornos\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"fornus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"furnus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ber-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Medieval Tashelhit\", \"term\" : \"اَڢَرْنُوا\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"shi-med\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Tashelhit\", \"term\" : \"afarnu\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"shi\" }\" data-lang=\"shi\" data-title=\"afarnu\">\nInherited from Medieval Tashelhit اَڢَرْنُوا (afarnu), from Proto-Berber, borrowed from Latin furnus (“oven”). Doublet of afrran (“bakery, oven”).",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "shi",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "shi-med:اَڢَرْنُوا",
"doublet": "afrran<t:bakery, oven>",
"text": ":la",
"tree": "+"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *gʷʰer-\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *gʷʰr̥nós\nProto-Italic *xʷornos\nProto-Italic *fornos\nLatin fornus\nLatin furnusbor.\nProto-Berber\nMedieval Tashelhit اَڢَرْنُوا (afarnu)\nTashelhit afarnu\nInherited from Medieval Tashelhit اَڢَرْنُوا (afarnu), from Proto-Berber, borrowed from Latin furnus (“oven”). Doublet of afrran (“bakery, oven”).",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *gʷʰer-\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Indo-European *gʷʰr̥nós\nProto-Italic *xʷornos\nProto-Italic *fornos\nLatin fornus\nLatin furnusbor.\nProto-Berber\nMedieval Tashelhit اَڢَرْنُوا (afarnu)\nTashelhit afarnu\nInherited from Medieval Tashelhit اَڢَرْنُوا (afarnu), from Proto-Berber, borrowed from Latin furnus (“oven”). Doublet of afrran (“bakery, oven”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ifurna",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tafarnut",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "آفارنو",
"tags": [
"Arabic"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "shi-infl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "afarnu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"free-state",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ifurna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"free-state",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ufarnu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ifurna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "afanru",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "abanra",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "noun",
"dim": "tafarnut",
"g": "m",
"pl": "ifurna"
},
"expansion": "afarnu m (plural ifurna, diminutive tafarnut, Tifinagh spelling ⴰⴼⴰⵔⵏⵓ, Arabic spelling آفارنو)",
"name": "shi-head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ufarnu",
"2": "ifurna",
"3": "ifurna"
},
"name": "shi-infl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Tashelhit",
"lang_code": "shi",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "bread",
"translation": "bread",
"word": "aɣrum"
},
{
"english": "to cook",
"translation": "to cook",
"word": "nw"
},
{
"english": "to heat",
"translation": "to heat",
"word": "qqd"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Tashelhit countable nouns",
"Tashelhit doublets",
"Tashelhit entries with etymology texts",
"Tashelhit entries with etymology trees",
"Tashelhit entries with etymon",
"Tashelhit entries with incorrect language header",
"Tashelhit lemmas",
"Tashelhit masculine nouns",
"Tashelhit nouns",
"Tashelhit terms derived from Latin",
"Tashelhit terms derived from Medieval Tashelhit",
"Tashelhit terms derived from Proto-Berber",
"Tashelhit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Tashelhit terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Tashelhit terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷʰer-",
"Tashelhit terms inherited from Medieval Tashelhit",
"Tashelhit terms inherited from Proto-Berber",
"Tashelhit terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"oven"
],
"links": [
[
"oven",
"oven"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/afarnu/"
}
],
"word": "afarnu"
}
Download raw JSONL data for afarnu meaning in All languages combined (6.4kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: Tifinagh spelling ⴰⴼⴰⵔⵏⵓ",
"path": [
"afarnu"
],
"section": "Tashelhit",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "afarnu",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'annexed state'",
"path": [
"afarnu"
],
"section": "Tashelhit",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "afarnu",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-10-01 using wiktextract (19f9a30 and 6f96ddf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.